\documentstyle[lslide,a4wide]{harticle} \addtolength{\textheight}{-0.5in} \verttop \shadowframe \begin{document} \title{UNIX 환경에서의 C 프로그래밍} \author{권 범 준} \organization{SPARCS} \date{1993년 7월 7일} \titlepage \begin{slide} \subsection{프로그램 환경과의 접촉} \begin{itemize} \item{Accessing Command Line Arguments} \begin{large} \begin{verbatim} #include main(argc, argv) int argc; char *argv[]; { int arg_count; for (arg_count = 1; arg_count < argc; arg_count++) printf("%s%c", argv[arg_count], (arg_count main(argc, argv, envp) int argc; char *argv[]; char *envp[]; { int env_count = 0; while (envp[env_count] != NULL) { printf("%s\n", envp[env_count]); env_count++; } exit(0); } \end{verbatim} \end{large} \vspace{1cm} \item{Accessing Environment Variables Using {\tt getenv()}} \end{itemize} \end{slide} \begin{slide} \subsection{프로세스} \begin{itemize} \item{The {\tt system()} Function} \begin{large} \begin{verbatim} main() { int stat; stat = system("date"); } \end{verbatim} \end{large} \vspace{1cm} \item{Low-Level Process Creation --- {\tt execl()} and {\tt execv()}} \begin{large} \begin{verbatim} main() { execl("/bin/date", "date", NULL); execl("/usr/bin/date", "date", NULL); fprintf(stderr, "Someone stole 'date'\n"); } \end{verbatim} \end{large} \vspace{1cm} \item{Process Control --- {\tt fork()} and {\tt wait()}} \begin{large} \begin{verbatim} int status; if (fork() == 0) execl(...); wait(&status); \end{verbatim} \end{large} \vspace{1cm} \item{Pipes} \begin{large} \begin{verbatim} int fd[2]; stat = pipe(fd); if (stat == -1) /* there was an error ... */ \end{verbatim} \end{large} \end{itemize} \end{slide} \begin{slide} \subsection{시그널} \begin{itemize} \item{Signals} \begin{itemize} \item{interrupt, quit --- keyboard} \item{hangup --- hanging up the phone on dialup lines} \item{terminate --- kill command} \end{itemize} \begin{footnotesize} \begin{verbatim} SIGHUP 1 hangup SIGINT 2 interrupt SIGQUIT 3* quit SIGILL 4* illegal instruction SIGTRAP 5* trace trap SIGABRT 6* abort (generated by abort(3) routine) SIGEMT 7* emulator trap SIGFPE 8* arithmetic exception SIGKILL 9 kill (cannot be caught, blocked, or ignored) SIGBUS 10* bus error SIGSEGV 11* segmentation violation SIGSYS 12* bad argument to system call SIGPIPE 13 write on a pipe or other socket with no one to read it SIGALRM 14 alarm clock SIGTERM 15 software termination signal SIGURG 16@ urgent condition present on socket SIGSTOP 17+ stop (cannot be caught, blocked, or ignored) SIGTSTP 18+ stop signal generated from keyboard SIGCONT 19@ continue after stop SIGCHLD 20@ child status has changed SIGTTIN 21+ background read attempted from control terminal SIGTTOU 22+ background write attempted to control terminal SIGIO 23@ I/O is possible on a descriptor (see fcntl(2V)) SIGXCPU 24 cpu time limit exceeded (see getrlimit(2)) SIGXFSZ 25 file size limit exceeded (see getrlimit(2)) SIGVTALRM 26 virtual time alarm (see getitimer(2)) SIGPROF 27 profiling timer alarm (see getitimer(2)) SIGWINCH 28@ window changed (see termio(4) and win(4S)) SIGLOST 29* resource lost (see lockd(8C)) SIGUSR1 30 user-defined signal 1 SIGUSR2 31 user-defined signal 2 \end{verbatim} \end{footnotesize} \item{Altar the Default Action --- {\tt signal()}} \begin{large} \begin{verbatim} #include ... signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN); signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL); signal(SIGINT, function); \end{verbatim} \end{large} \end{itemize} \end{slide} \begin{slide} \subsection{표준 입출력} \begin{itemize} \item{The Standard I/O Library --- {\tt stdio.h}} \begin{itemize} \item{\tt stdin} \item{\tt stdout} \item{\tt stderr} \item{\tt EOF} \item{\tt NULL} \item{\tt FILE} \item{\tt BUFSIZ} \end{itemize} \vspace{1cm} \item{Standard Input and Standard Output} \vspace{1cm} \item{Error Handling --- {\tt stderr} and {\tt exit()}} \vspace{1cm} \item{Miscellaneous I/O Functions} \begin{itemize} \item{\tt getc(), getchar()} \item{\tt putc(), putchar()} \item{\tt feof(), ferror(), fileno()} \item{\tt printf(), fprintf(), sprintf()} \item{\tt scanf(), fscanf(), sscanf()} \item{\tt gets(), fgets(), ungetc()} \end{itemize} \end{itemize} \end{slide} \begin{slide} \subsection{화일 입출력} \begin{itemize} \item{Open a File --- {\tt fopen()}} \begin{small} \begin{verbatim} FILE *fopen(filename, type) char *filename; char *type; \end{verbatim} \end{small} \vspace{5mm} \item{Reopen a File --- {\tt freopen()}} \begin{small} \begin{verbatim} FILE *freopen(filename, type, ioptr) char *filename; char *type; FILE *ioptr; \end{verbatim} \end{small} \vspace{5mm} \item{Flush Stream Buffer --- {\tt fflush()}} \begin{small} \begin{verbatim} ffcluse(ioptr) FILE *ioptr; \end{verbatim} \end{small} \vspace{5mm} \item{Close a File --- {\tt fclose()}} \begin{small} \begin{verbatim} fclose(ioptr) FILE *ioptr \end{verbatim} \end{small} \vspace{5mm} \item{Set Buffer for File I/O --- {\tt setbuf()}} \begin{small} \begin{verbatim} setbuf(ioptr, buf) FILE *ioptr; char *buf; \end{verbatim} \end{small} \vspace{5mm} \item{Obtain File Descriptor --- {\tt fileno()}} \begin{small} \begin{verbatim} int fileno(ioptr) FILE *ioptr; \end{verbatim} \end{small} \vspace{5mm} \item{Rewind a Stream --- {\tt rewind()}} \begin{small} \begin{verbatim} rewind(ioptr) FILE *ioptr; \end{verbatim} \end{small} \vspace{5mm} \end{itemize} \end{slide} \begin{slide} \subsection{문자 입출력} \begin{Large} \begin{itemize} \item{{\tt getc()} Macro --- {\large Get a Character from a File}} \item{{\tt fgetc()} Function} \item{{\tt getchar()} Macro --- {\large Get a Char. from Standard Input}} \item{{\tt fgets()} --- {\large Read a String from a File}} \item{{\tt ungetc()} --- {\large Push a Character Back on a Stream}} \item{{\tt putc()} Macro --- {\large Put a Character to a File}} \item{{\tt fputc()} Function --- {\large Put a Character to a File}} \item{{\tt putchar()} Macro --- {\large Put a Character to Standard Output}} \item{{\tt fputs()} --- {\large Put a String to a File}} \item{{\tt feof()} --- {\large Test for End of File}} \vspace{5mm} \item{Formatted Input and Output} \begin{large} \begin{itemize} \item{Conversion Specifications} \begin{itemize} \item{{\tt d} --- Decimal Conversion} \item{{\tt o} --- Octal Conversion} \item{{\tt x} --- Hexadecimal Conversion} \item{{\tt h} --- Short Conversion} \item{{\tt u} --- Unsigned Decimal Conversion} \item{{\tt c} --- Character Conversion} \item{{\tt s} --- String Conversion} \item{{\tt e} --- Exponential Floating Conversion} \item{{\tt f} --- Fractional Floating Conversion} \item{{\tt g} --- Adaptable Floating Conversion} \item{Literal Character Output} \end{itemize} \item{Optional Format Modifiers} \begin{itemize} \item{Left Justify Field} \item{Minimum Field Width and Precision Specificaions} \end{itemize} \end{itemize} \end{large} \end{itemize} \end{Large} \end{slide} \end {document}