\documentstyle[lslide,a4wide]{harticle} \title{Performance Analysis} \author{권 범 준} \organization{SPARCS} \date{1993년 7월 27일} \addtolength{\textheight}{-0.5in} \verttop \shadowframe \newenvironment{example}{\begin{normalsize} \begin{center} \begin{tabular}{|c|} \hline \\ \begin{minipage}{12cm}}{\end{minipage} \\ \\ \hline \end{tabular} \end{center} \end{normalsize}} \newenvironment{smallexample}{\begin{small} \begin{center} \begin{tabular}{|c|} \hline \\ \begin{minipage}{12cm}}{\end{minipage} \\ \\ \hline \end{tabular} \end{center} \end{small}} \begin{document} \titlepage \begin{slide} \subsection{{\tt time}} \begin{itemize} \item Display Time Used by a Program \end{itemize} \begin{example} \begin{verbatim} % time index.assist < index.entries > /dev/null 13.5u 0.8s 0:15 92% 3+19k 19+1io 0pf+0w \end{verbatim} \end{example} \vspace{5mm} \begin{itemize} \begin{itemize} \item user time --- 프로그램 실행에만 걸린 시간 \item system time --- 운영체제에서 할애한 시간 \item elapsed time --- 실제 프로그램 시작부터 종료까지의 시간 \end{itemize} \end{itemize} \vspace{5mm} \begin{itemize} \item Effects of Optimizer on Timing \end{itemize} \begin{example} \begin{verbatim} % time index.assist < index.entries > /dev/null 13.1u 1.4s 0:38 37% 3+19k 19+0io 1pf+0w \end{verbatim} \end{example} \vspace{5mm} \begin{itemize} \item Controlling Display \begin{itemize} \item {\tt time} variable \end{itemize} \end{itemize} \begin{example} \begin{verbatim} set time=3 set time=(3 "%E %P") \end{verbatim} \end{example} \end{slide} \begin{slide} \begin{itemize} \item Control key \end{itemize} \begin{Smallsize} \begin{center} \begin{tabular}{|ll|} \hline {\bf Letter} & {\bf Description} \\ \hline {\tt D} & unshared data space average (kb) \\ {\tt E} & elapsed time (sec) \\ {\tt F} & page faults \\ {\tt I} & number of block input \\ {\tt K} & unshared stack space average (kb) \\ {\tt M} & maximum real memory used \\ {\tt O} & number of block output \\ {\tt P} & total CPU time / elapsed time (\%) \\ {\tt S} & system time \\ {\tt U} & user time \\ {\tt W} & number of swaps \\ {\tt X} & shared memory average \\ \hline \end{tabular} \end{center} \end{Smallsize} \begin{itemize} \item C shell {\tt time} vs {\tt /bin/time} \end{itemize} \begin{example} \begin{verbatim} % echo timing a pipeline | time cat timing a pipeline \end{verbatim} \end{example} \begin{example} \begin{verbatim} % echo timing a pipeline | /bin/time cat timing a pipeline 0.8 real 0.0 user 0.1 sys \end{verbatim} \end{example} \end{slide} \begin{slide} \subsection{{\tt prof}} \begin{itemize} \item Generate Profile of a Program \begin{itemize} \item finer level \item next step after simple timing \item compile for profiling --- {\tt -p} option \item result file --- {\tt mon.out} \item interprete results --- {\tt prof} \end{itemize} \end{itemize} \begin{example} \begin{verbatim} % index.assist < index.entries > /dev/null % prof index.assist %time cumsecs #call ms/call name 19.4 3.28 11962 0.27 _compare_strings 15.6 5.92 32731 0.08 _strlen 12.6 8.06 4579 0.47 __doprnt 10.5 9.84 mcount 9.9 11.52 6849 0.25 _get_field : : \end{verbatim} \end{example} \vspace{5mm} \begin{itemize} \item Interpreting Profile Display \begin{itemize} \item total run time percentage \item 누적된 실행 시간 \item 실행 회수 \item 한 번 실행시 소요 시간 \item 함수 이름 \end{itemize} \end{itemize} \end{slide} \begin{slide} \subsection{{\tt gprof}} \begin{itemize} \item Generate a Call Graph Profile \begin{itemize} \item not sufficient to point out exactly? \item compile --- {\tt -pg} option \item result --- {\tt gmon.out} \item interprete --- {\tt gprof} \end{itemize} \end{itemize} \begin{smallexample} \begin{verbatim} called/total parents index %time self descendents called+self name index called/total children ----------------------------------------------- 0.00 14.47 1/1 start [1] [2] 98.2 0.00 14.47 1 _main [2] 0.59 5.70 760/760 _insert_index_entry [3] 0.02 3.16 1/1 _print_index [6] 0.20 1.91 761/761 _get_index_terms [11] 0.94 0.06 762/762 _fgets [13] 0.06 0.62 761/761 _get_page_number [18] 0.10 0.46 761/761 _get_page_type [22] 0.09 0.23 761/761 _skip_start [24] 0.04 0.23 761/761 _get_index_type [26] 0.07 0.00 761/820 _insert_page_entry ----------------------------------------------- 10392 _insert_index_entry [3] 0.59 5.70 760/760 _main [2] [3] 42.6 0.59 5.70 760+10392 _insert_index_entry [3] 0.53 5.13 11152/11152 _compare_entry[4] 0.02 0.01 59/112 _free [38] 0.00 0.00 59/820 _insert_page_entry [34] 10392 _insert_index_entry [3] ----------------------------------------------- \end{verbatim} \end{smallexample} \end{slide} \begin{slide} \subsection{{\tt tcov}} \begin{itemize} \item Statement-Level Analysis \begin{itemize} \item code coverage \item dead code, not tested \item compile --- {\tt -a} option \item result --- {\tt .d} file \item interprete --- {\tt tcov} command \item report --- {\tt .tcov} file \end{itemize} \end{itemize} \begin{smallexample} \begin{verbatim} struct index_entry * insert_index_entry(node, entry) 11152 -> struct index_entry *node; struct index_entry *entry; { int result; int level; result = compare_entry(node, entry); if (result == 0) { /* exact match */ 59 -> insert_page_entry(node, entry->page_entry); free(entry); return(node); } 11093 -> if (result > 0) 3956 -> if (node->lesser != NULL) 3626 -> insert_index_entry(node->lesser, entry); else { 330 -> node->lesser = entry; return (node->lesser); } else 7137 -> if (node->greater != NULL) 6766 -> insert_index_entry(node->greater, entry); else { 371 -> node->greater = entry; return (node->greater); } } \end{verbatim} \end{smallexample} \vspace{5mm} \begin{itemize} \item {\tt tcov} Summary \end{itemize} \begin{example} \begin{verbatim} Top 10 Blocks Line Count 240 21563 241 21563 245 21563 251 21563 250 21400 244 21299 255 20612 257 16805 123 12021 124 11962 77 Basic blocks in this file 55 Basic blocks executed 71.43 Precent of the file executed 439144 Total basic block execution 5703.17 Average executions per basic block \end{verbatim} \end{example} \end{slide} \begin{slide} \subsection{{\tt indent}} \begin{itemize} \item C Program Formatter \end{itemize} \begin{example} indent {\em input-file} ({\em output-file}) ({\em options}) \end{example} \begin{itemize} \item Options \begin{description} \item [-bap, -nbap] blank line after procedure body \item [-bad, -nbad] blank line after declaration \item [-bc, -nbc] new line after each comma in a declaration \item [-br, -bl] change style of compound statement \end{description} \end{itemize} \begin{example} \begin{verbatim} if (...) { code } \end{verbatim} \end{example} \begin{example} \begin{verbatim} if (...) { code } \end{verbatim} \end{example} \begin{itemize} \begin{description} \item [-c{\em n}] position of comments on code \item [-cdb, -ncdb] style of comment on blank lines \end{description} \end{itemize} \begin{example} \begin{verbatim} /* * this is a comment */ \end{verbatim} \end{example} \begin{example} \begin{verbatim} /* this is a comment */ \end{verbatim} \end{example} \begin{itemize} \begin{description} \item [-i{\em n}] the number of spaces for one tab \item [-l{\em n}] maximum length of an output line \end{description} \end{itemize} \vspace{15mm} \subsection{{\tt cb}} \begin{itemize} \item A Simple C Program Beautifier \item Options \begin{Smallsize} \begin{center} \begin{tabular}{ll} {\bf -j} & join \\ {\bf -s} & standard C style \\ {\bf -l {\em leng}} & split lines longer than {\em leng} \\ \end{tabular} \end{center} \end{Smallsize} \end{itemize} \end{slide} \end{document}