//! The [`Keystore`] trait and its implementations.

pub(crate) mod arti;
pub(crate) mod ephemeral;

use std::result::Result as StdResult;

use derive_more::From;
use rand::{CryptoRng, RngCore};
use ssh_key::private::{Ed25519Keypair, Ed25519PrivateKey, KeypairData, OpaqueKeypair};
use ssh_key::public::{Ed25519PublicKey, KeyData, OpaquePublicKey};
use ssh_key::{Algorithm, AlgorithmName};
use tor_error::internal;
use tor_hscrypto::pk::{
    HsBlindIdKey, HsBlindIdKeypair, HsClientDescEncKeypair, HsDescSigningKeypair, HsIdKey,
    HsIdKeypair, HsIntroPtSessionIdKeypair, HsSvcNtorKeypair,
};
use tor_llcrypto::pk::{curve25519, ed25519};

use crate::key_type::ssh::{ED25519_EXPANDED_ALGORITHM_NAME, X25519_ALGORITHM_NAME};
use crate::key_type::KeyType;
use crate::{KeyPath, KeySpecifier, KeystoreId, Result};

use downcast_rs::{impl_downcast, Downcast};

/// A type-erased key returned by a [`Keystore`].
pub type ErasedKey = Box<dyn EncodableKey>;

/// A random number generator for generating [`EncodableKey`]s.
pub trait KeygenRng: RngCore + CryptoRng {}

impl<T> KeygenRng for T where T: RngCore + CryptoRng {}

/// A generic key store.
pub trait Keystore: Send + Sync + 'static {
    /// An identifier for this key store instance.
    ///
    /// This identifier is used by some [`KeyMgr`](crate::KeyMgr) APIs to identify a specific key
    /// store.
    fn id(&self) -> &KeystoreId;

    /// Check if the key identified by `key_spec` exists in this key store.
    fn contains(&self, key_spec: &dyn KeySpecifier, key_type: &KeyType) -> Result<bool>;

    /// Retrieve the key identified by `key_spec`.
    ///
    /// Returns `Ok(Some(key))` if the key was successfully retrieved. Returns `Ok(None)` if the
    /// key does not exist in this key store.
    fn get(&self, key_spec: &dyn KeySpecifier, key_type: &KeyType) -> Result<Option<ErasedKey>>;

    /// Write `key` to the key store.
    //
    // Note: the key_type argument here might seem redundant: `key` implements `EncodableKey`,
    // which has a `key_type` function. However:
    //   * `key_type` is an associated function on `EncodableKey`, not a method, which means we
    //   can't call it on `key: &dyn EncodableKey` (you can't call an associated function of trait
    //   object). The caller of `Keystore::insert` (i.e. `KeyMgr`) OTOH _can_ call `K::key_type()`
    //   on the `EncodableKey` because the concrete type `K` that implements `EncodableKey` is
    //   known.
    //  * one could argue I should make `key_type` a `&self` method rather than an associated function,
    //   which would fix this problem (and enable us to remove the additional `key_type` param).
    //   However, that would break `KeyMgr::remove`, which calls
    //   `store.remove(key_spec, K::Key::key_type())`, where `K` is a type parameter specified by
    //   the caller (in `KeyMgr::remove` we don't have a `value: K`, so we can't call `key_type` if
    //   `key_type` is a `&self` method)...
    //
    // TODO: Maybe we can refactor this API and remove the "redundant" param somehow.
    fn insert(
        &self,
        key: &dyn EncodableKey,
        key_spec: &dyn KeySpecifier,
        key_type: &KeyType,
    ) -> Result<()>;

    /// Remove the specified key.
    ///
    /// A return value of `Ok(None)` indicates the key doesn't exist in this key store, whereas
    /// `Ok(Some(())` means the key was successfully removed.
    ///
    /// Returns `Err` if an error occurred while trying to remove the key.
    fn remove(&self, key_spec: &dyn KeySpecifier, key_type: &KeyType) -> Result<Option<()>>;

    /// List all the keys in this keystore.
    fn list(&self) -> Result<Vec<(KeyPath, KeyType)>>;
}

/// A trait for generating fresh keys.
pub trait Keygen {
    /// Generate a new key of this type.
    fn generate(rng: &mut dyn KeygenRng) -> Result<Self>
    where
        Self: Sized;
}

/// A public key or a keypair.
#[derive(From, Clone, Debug)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum SshKeyData {
    /// The [`KeyData`] of a public key.
    Public(KeyData),
    /// The [`KeypairData`] of a private key.
    Private(KeypairData),
}

impl SshKeyData {
    /// Returns the [`KeyData`], if this is a public key. Otherwise returns `Err(self)`.
    pub fn into_public(self) -> StdResult<KeyData, Self> {
        match self {
            SshKeyData::Public(key_data) => Ok(key_data),
            SshKeyData::Private(_) => Err(self),
        }
    }

    /// Returns the [`KeypairData`], if this is a private key. Otherwise returns `Err(self)`.
    pub fn into_private(self) -> StdResult<KeypairData, Self> {
        match self {
            SshKeyData::Public(_) => Err(self),
            SshKeyData::Private(keypair_data) => Ok(keypair_data),
        }
    }
}

/// A key that can be serialized to, and deserialized from, a format used by a
/// [`Keystore`].
pub trait EncodableKey: Downcast {
    /// The type of the key.
    fn key_type() -> KeyType
    where
        Self: Sized;

    /// Return the [`SshKeyData`] of this key.
    fn as_ssh_key_data(&self) -> Result<SshKeyData>;
}

impl_downcast!(EncodableKey);

impl Keygen for curve25519::StaticKeypair {
    fn generate(rng: &mut dyn KeygenRng) -> Result<Self>
    where
        Self: Sized,
    {
        let secret = curve25519::StaticSecret::random_from_rng(rng);
        let public = curve25519::PublicKey::from(&secret);

        Ok(curve25519::StaticKeypair { secret, public })
    }
}

impl EncodableKey for curve25519::StaticKeypair {
    fn key_type() -> KeyType
    where
        Self: Sized,
    {
        KeyType::X25519StaticKeypair
    }

    fn as_ssh_key_data(&self) -> Result<SshKeyData> {
        let algorithm_name = AlgorithmName::new(X25519_ALGORITHM_NAME)
            .map_err(|_| internal!("invalid algorithm name"))?;

        let ssh_public = OpaquePublicKey::new(
            self.public.to_bytes().to_vec(),
            Algorithm::Other(algorithm_name),
        );
        let keypair = OpaqueKeypair::new(self.secret.to_bytes().to_vec(), ssh_public);

        Ok(ssh_key::private::KeypairData::Other(keypair).into())
    }
}

impl EncodableKey for curve25519::PublicKey {
    fn key_type() -> KeyType
    where
        Self: Sized,
    {
        KeyType::X25519PublicKey
    }

    fn as_ssh_key_data(&self) -> Result<SshKeyData> {
        let algorithm_name = AlgorithmName::new(X25519_ALGORITHM_NAME)
            .map_err(|_| internal!("invalid algorithm name"))?;

        let ssh_public =
            OpaquePublicKey::new(self.to_bytes().to_vec(), Algorithm::Other(algorithm_name));

        Ok(KeyData::Other(ssh_public).into())
    }
}

impl Keygen for ed25519::Keypair {
    fn generate(mut rng: &mut dyn KeygenRng) -> Result<Self>
    where
        Self: Sized,
    {
        Ok(ed25519::Keypair::generate(&mut rng))
    }
}

impl EncodableKey for ed25519::Keypair {
    fn key_type() -> KeyType
    where
        Self: Sized,
    {
        KeyType::Ed25519Keypair
    }

    fn as_ssh_key_data(&self) -> Result<SshKeyData> {
        let keypair = Ed25519Keypair {
            public: Ed25519PublicKey(self.verifying_key().to_bytes()),
            private: Ed25519PrivateKey::from_bytes(self.as_bytes()),
        };

        Ok(KeypairData::Ed25519(keypair).into())
    }
}

impl EncodableKey for ed25519::PublicKey {
    fn key_type() -> KeyType
    where
        Self: Sized,
    {
        KeyType::Ed25519PublicKey
    }

    fn as_ssh_key_data(&self) -> Result<SshKeyData> {
        let key_data = Ed25519PublicKey(self.to_bytes());

        Ok(ssh_key::public::KeyData::Ed25519(key_data).into())
    }
}

impl Keygen for ed25519::ExpandedKeypair {
    fn generate(rng: &mut dyn KeygenRng) -> Result<Self>
    where
        Self: Sized,
    {
        let keypair = <ed25519::Keypair as Keygen>::generate(rng)?;

        Ok((&keypair).into())
    }
}

impl EncodableKey for ed25519::ExpandedKeypair {
    fn key_type() -> KeyType
    where
        Self: Sized,
    {
        KeyType::Ed25519ExpandedKeypair
    }

    fn as_ssh_key_data(&self) -> Result<SshKeyData> {
        let algorithm_name = AlgorithmName::new(ED25519_EXPANDED_ALGORITHM_NAME)
            .map_err(|_| internal!("invalid algorithm name"))?;

        let ssh_public = OpaquePublicKey::new(
            self.public().to_bytes().to_vec(),
            Algorithm::Other(algorithm_name),
        );

        let keypair = OpaqueKeypair::new(self.to_secret_key_bytes().to_vec(), ssh_public);

        Ok(ssh_key::private::KeypairData::Other(keypair).into())
    }
}

/// A key that can be converted to an [`EncodableKey`].
//
// NOTE: Conceptually, the `ToEncodableKey` and `EncodableKey` traits serve the same purpose (they
// provide information about how to encode/decode a key).
//
// The reason we have two traits instead of just one is because `EncodableKey` cannot have an
// associated type: if it did, we'd need to either give `Keystore::insert` a generic parameter
// (which would make `Keystore` object-unsafe), or specify a concrete type for the associated type
// of the `EncodableKey` (which would defeat the whole purpose of the trait, i.e. to enable users
// to store their own "encodable key" types).
//
// `ToEncodableKey` is used in the `KeyMgr` impl, where the associated type isn't an issue because
// the `KeyMgr` implementation is generic over `K: ToEncodableKey`. The `Keystore`s themselves only
// receive `&dyn EncodableKey`s.
pub trait ToEncodableKey {
    /// The key type this can be converted to/from.
    type Key: EncodableKey + 'static;

    /// Convert this key to a type that implements [`EncodableKey`].
    fn to_encodable_key(self) -> Self::Key;

    /// Convert an [`EncodableKey`] to another key type.
    fn from_encodable_key(key: Self::Key) -> Self;
}

impl ToEncodableKey for HsClientDescEncKeypair {
    type Key = curve25519::StaticKeypair;

    fn to_encodable_key(self) -> Self::Key {
        self.into()
    }

    fn from_encodable_key(key: Self::Key) -> Self {
        HsClientDescEncKeypair::new(key.public.into(), key.secret.into())
    }
}

impl ToEncodableKey for HsBlindIdKeypair {
    type Key = ed25519::ExpandedKeypair;

    fn to_encodable_key(self) -> Self::Key {
        self.into()
    }

    fn from_encodable_key(key: Self::Key) -> Self {
        HsBlindIdKeypair::from(key)
    }
}

impl ToEncodableKey for HsBlindIdKey {
    type Key = ed25519::PublicKey;

    fn to_encodable_key(self) -> Self::Key {
        self.into()
    }

    fn from_encodable_key(key: Self::Key) -> Self {
        HsBlindIdKey::from(key)
    }
}

impl ToEncodableKey for HsIdKeypair {
    type Key = ed25519::ExpandedKeypair;

    fn to_encodable_key(self) -> Self::Key {
        self.into()
    }

    fn from_encodable_key(key: Self::Key) -> Self {
        HsIdKeypair::from(key)
    }
}

impl ToEncodableKey for HsIdKey {
    type Key = ed25519::PublicKey;

    fn to_encodable_key(self) -> Self::Key {
        self.into()
    }

    fn from_encodable_key(key: Self::Key) -> Self {
        HsIdKey::from(key)
    }
}

impl ToEncodableKey for HsDescSigningKeypair {
    type Key = ed25519::Keypair;

    fn to_encodable_key(self) -> Self::Key {
        self.into()
    }

    fn from_encodable_key(key: Self::Key) -> Self {
        HsDescSigningKeypair::from(key)
    }
}

impl ToEncodableKey for HsIntroPtSessionIdKeypair {
    type Key = ed25519::Keypair;

    fn to_encodable_key(self) -> Self::Key {
        self.into()
    }

    fn from_encodable_key(key: Self::Key) -> Self {
        key.into()
    }
}

impl ToEncodableKey for HsSvcNtorKeypair {
    type Key = curve25519::StaticKeypair;

    fn to_encodable_key(self) -> Self::Key {
        self.into()
    }

    fn from_encodable_key(key: Self::Key) -> Self {
        key.into()
    }
}
