.. Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
.. Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.

.. _debugger:

Debugger
========

JupyterLab ships with a Debugger front-end by default.

This means that notebooks, code consoles and files can be debugged from JupyterLab directly!

Requirements
------------

For the debugger to be enabled and visible, a kernel with support for debugging is required.

Here is a list of kernels that are known to be supporting the Jupyter Debug Protocol:

- `xeus-python <https://github.com/jupyter-xeus/xeus-python>`_: Jupyter kernel for the Python programming language
- `xeus-robot <https://github.com/jupyter-xeus/xeus-robot>`_: Jupyter kernel for Robot Framework
- `ipykernel <https://github.com/ipython/ipykernel>`_:  IPython Kernel for Jupyter
- `common-lisp-jupyter <https://github.com/yitzchak/common-lisp-jupyter>`_:  Common Lisp Kernel for Jupyter


Other Jupyter Kernels can also support debugging and be compatible with the JupyterLab debugger
by implementing the `Jupyter Debugger Protocol <https://jupyter-client.readthedocs.io/en/latest/messaging.html#debug-request>`_.

If you know of other kernels with support for debugging, please open a PR to add them to this list.

Here is an example of how to install ``ipykernel`` and ``xeus-python`` in a new ``conda`` environment:

.. code:: bash

   conda create -n jupyterlab-debugger -c conda-forge jupyterlab=3 "ipykernel>=6" xeus-python
   conda activate jupyterlab-debugger

Usage
-----

Here is a screencast to enable the debugger and set up breakpoints. The various steps are described more in depth below.

.. image:: ./images/debugger/step.gif
   :alt: A GIF showing how to enable the debugger within the kernel.

Use a kernel supporting debugger
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

First, you will need to check that the kernel supports debugging. If so, the *bug* icon in the upper-right corner of the
notebook will be enabled.

.. image:: ../images/debugger-kernel.png

Debug code in notebook
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Now let's enable the debugger for this notebook. The debugger can be enabled by toggling the *bug* button on in the upper-right corner of the notebook:

.. image:: ../images/debugger-activate.png

Once debugging has been enabled, we can set breakpoints and step into the code.

Let's define a function that adds two elements:

.. code:: python

   def add(a, b):
      res = a + b
      return res

We can call the function and print the result:

.. code:: python

   result = add(1, 2)
   print(result)

Now let's go back to the first code cell and click on the gutter on line number 2 to add a breakpoint:

.. image:: ../images/debugger-breakpoint.png

Then let's execute the second code cell by clicking on the _Run_ button:

.. image:: ../images/debugger-run.png

The execution stops where the breakpoint is set:

.. image:: ../images/debugger-stop-on-breakpoint.png

Explore the code state
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Exploring the code state is done with the debugger sidebar. It shows a variable explorer,
a list of breakpoints, a source preview and the possibility to navigate the call stack.

.. image:: ../images/debugger-sidebar.png

**Variables**

Variables can be explored using a tree view and a table view:

.. image:: ../images/debugger-variables.png

**Call stack**

You can step into the code, and continue the execution using the debug actions:

.. image:: ../images/debugger-callstack.png

**Breakpoints**

New breakpoints can be added and removed while the execution is stopped, and
they will be shown in the list of breakpoints:

.. image:: ../images/debugger-breakpoints.png

**Source**

The source panel shows the source of the current file being debugged:

.. image:: ../images/debugger-source.png

If the source corresponds to a cell that has been deleted, clicking on the
*Open in Main Area* button will open a read-only view of the source.
